--- title: "Systems Analysis Wiki Catalog (中文)" source: "https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_Analysis_Wiki_Catalog_(%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)" wiki: "systems-analysis.info/int" article: "Systems_Analysis_Wiki_Catalog_(中文)" language: "zh" categories: - "Category:Catalogs" - "Category:Chinese" - "Category:Indexes" revision_id: 7393 wiki_created_at: 2026-09-07T01:01:12Z wiki_modified_at: 2026-09-07T01:01:12Z downloaded_at: 2026-09-07T23:18:50Z --- # Systems Analysis Wiki Catalog (中文) **Systems Analysis Wiki** 是一个为各领域的研究人员、学生和专业人士提供信息资源和参考的平台。 **重要提示！** 目前 **Systems Analysis Wiki** 尚处于实验和建设阶段。 **Systems Analysis Wiki** English ## 系统方法 - [系统方法](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_approach_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95 "Systems approach — 系统方法") - [系统理论](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_theory_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA "Systems theory — 系统理论") - [系统分析](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_analysis_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "Systems analysis — 系统分析") - [IT 系统分析](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_analysis_in_IT_%E2%80%94_IT%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "Systems analysis in IT — IT系统分析") - [系统方法的发展](https://systems-analysis.info/int/History_of_the_systems_approach_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%84%E6%BC%94%E8%BF%9B "History of the systems approach — 系统方法的演进") - [系统分析方法论](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_analysis_methodology_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%BA "Systems analysis methodology — 系统分析方法论") - [经典系统分析方法](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Classical_methodologies_of_systems_analysis_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%8F%E5%85%B8%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95 "Classical methodologies of systems analysis — 系统分析的经典方法") - [系统的概念基础](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Conceptual_foundations_of_systems_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80 "Conceptual foundations of systems — 系统的概念基础") - [系统分析的基本概念](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Core_concepts_of_systems_analysis_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5 "Core concepts of systems analysis — 系统分析的基本概念") - [系统思维](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_thinking_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4 "Systems thinking — 系统思维") - [系统](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F "System — 系统") - [系统的概念](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Concept_of_a_system_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5 "Concept of a system — 系统的概念") - [系统的定义](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Definitions_of_a_system_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89 "Definitions of a system — 系统的定义") - [系统性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systemness_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%80%A7 "Systemness — 系统性") - [系统整体论](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_holism_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%95%B4%E4%BD%93%E8%AE%BA "Systems holism — 系统整体论") - [系统完整性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_integrity_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%AE%8C%E6%95%B4%E6%80%A7 "System integrity — 系统完整性") - [系统属性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Properties_of_systems_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B1%9E%E6%80%A7 "Properties of systems — 系统属性") - [系统规律](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Regularities_of_systems_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%A7%84%E5%BE%8B "Regularities of systems — 系统规律") - [系统结构](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_structure_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84 "System structure — 系统结构") - [系统结构化](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_structuring_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E5%8C%96 "System structuring — 系统结构化") - [层级结构](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Hierarchy_%E2%80%94_%E5%B1%82%E7%BA%A7 "Hierarchy — 层级") - [系统中的连接](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Connections_in_systems_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9E%E6%8E%A5 "Connections in systems — 系统中的连接") - [系统边界](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_boundary_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C "System boundary — 系统边界") - [涌现性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Emergence_%E2%80%94_%E6%B6%8C%E7%8E%B0 "Emergence — 涌现") - [等效终局性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Equifinality_%E2%80%94_%E7%AD%89%E7%BB%88%E6%80%A7 "Equifinality — 等终性") - [系统环境](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_environment_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83 "System environment — 系统环境") - [系统元素](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_element_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%A6%81%E7%B4%A0 "System element — 系统要素") - [目标](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Goal_%E2%80%94_%E7%9B%AE%E6%A0%87 "Goal — 目标") - [系统分析中的目标](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Goal_(systems_analysis)_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E7%9B%AE%E6%A0%87 "Goal (systems analysis) — 系统分析中的目标") - [功能](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Function_%E2%80%94_%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD "Function — 功能") - [活动](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Activity_%E2%80%94_%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%A8 "Activity — 活动") - [问题](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Problem_%E2%80%94_%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98 "Problem — 问题") - [系统分析背景下的问题](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Problem_in_the_context_of_systems_analysis_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E8%83%8C%E6%99%AF%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98 "Problem in the context of systems analysis — 系统分析背景下的问题") - [目标设定](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Goal_setting_%E2%80%94_%E7%9B%AE%E6%A0%87%E8%AE%BE%E5%AE%9A "Goal setting — 目标设定") - [过程](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Process_%E2%80%94_%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B "Process — 过程") - [建模过程](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Modeling_process_%E2%80%94_%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B "Modeling process — 建模过程") - [建模](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Modeling_(scientific)_%E2%80%94_%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1 "Modeling (scientific) — 建模") - [模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Model_%E2%80%94_%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Model — 模型") - [系统模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_model_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "System model — 系统模型") - [理想模型与物理模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Ideal_and_material_models_%E2%80%94_%E7%90%86%E6%83%B3%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E4%B8%8E%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Ideal and material models — 理想模型与物理模型") - [系统模型的形式化](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Formalization_of_system_models_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E5%8C%96 "Formalization of system models — 系统模型的形式化") - [系统描述语言](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Languages_for_system_description_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80 "Languages for system description — 系统描述语言") - [分解](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decomposition_%E2%80%94_%E5%88%86%E8%A7%A3 "Decomposition — 分解") - [子系统](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Subsystem_%E2%80%94_%E5%AD%90%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F "Subsystem — 子系统") - [输入与输出](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Inputs_and_outputs_(systems_theory)_%E2%80%94_%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%8E%E8%BE%93%E5%87%BA "Inputs and outputs (systems theory) — 输入与输出") - [系统状态](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_state_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81 "System state — 系统状态") - [系统行为](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_behavior_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA "System behavior — 系统行为") - [系统动力学](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_dynamics_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6 "System dynamics — 系统动力学") - [系统复杂性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_complexity_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%A4%8D%E6%9D%82%E6%80%A7 "System complexity — 系统复杂性") - [自组织系统](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Self-organizing_systems_%E2%80%94_%E8%87%AA%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F "Self-organizing systems — 自组织系统") - [元系统](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Metasystem_%E2%80%94_%E5%85%83%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F "Metasystem — 元系统") - [系统发展](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_development_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95 "System development — 系统发展") - [开放系统](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Open_system_(systems_theory)_%E2%80%94_%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F "Open system (systems theory) — 开放系统") - [封闭系统](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Closed_system_(systems_theory)_%E2%80%94_%E5%B0%81%E9%97%AD%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F "Closed system (systems theory) — 封闭系统") - [系统稳定性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_stability_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%A8%B3%E5%AE%9A%E6%80%A7 "System stability — 系统稳定性") - [系统适应性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_adaptability_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%9A%84%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E6%80%A7 "System adaptability — 系统的适应性") - [反馈](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Feedback_(systems)_%E2%80%94_%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88 "Feedback (systems) — 反馈") - [内稳态](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Homeostasis_%E2%80%94_%E7%A8%B3%E6%80%81 "Homeostasis — 稳态") - [动态属性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Dynamic_properties_%E2%80%94_%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E5%B1%9E%E6%80%A7 "Dynamic properties — 动态属性") - [系统平衡](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_equilibrium_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1 "System equilibrium — 系统平衡") - [系统中的不确定性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Uncertainty_in_a_system_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%8D%E7%A1%AE%E5%AE%9A%E6%80%A7 "Uncertainty in a system — 系统中的不确定性") - [黑箱](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Black_box_%E2%80%94_%E9%BB%91%E7%AE%B1 "Black box — 黑箱") - [系统方法中的观察者](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Observer_in_the_systems_approach_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%82%E5%AF%9F%E8%80%85 "Observer in the systems approach — 系统方法中的观察者") - [系统分析中的客观与主观](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Objective_and_subjective_in_systems_analysis_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%A2%E8%A7%82%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%BB%E8%A7%82 "Objective and subjective in systems analysis — 系统分析中的客观与主观") - [系统表示的层次](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Levels_of_system_representation_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%A1%A8%E7%A4%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%B1%82%E6%AC%A1 "Levels of system representation — 系统表示的层次") - [系统分类](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Classification_of_systems_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB "Classification of systems — 系统分类") - [系统建模方法分类](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Classification_of_system_modeling_methods_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%84%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB "Classification of system modeling methods — 系统建模方法的分类") - [系统方法的基本概念](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Core_concepts_of_systems_approach_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5 "Core concepts of systems approach — 系统方法的基本概念") - [《系统研究》年鉴](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_Research_Yearbook_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%82%E5%B9%B4%E5%88%8A "Systems Research Yearbook — 系统研究。年刊") - [系统方法相关文献](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_approach:_Literature_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE "Systems approach: Literature — 系统方法相关文献") - [系统分析相关文献](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_analysis:_Literature_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE "Systems analysis: Literature — 系统分析文献") - [系统方法. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_approach:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95_-_%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Systems approach: Section catalog — 系统方法 - 章节目录") ## 大型语言模型 (LLM) - [大型语言模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Large_language_model_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%A7%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Large language model — 大语言模型") - [LLM 理论基础](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Theoretical_foundations_of_large_language_models_%E2%80%94_LLM_%E7%9A%84%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80 "Theoretical foundations of large language models — LLM 的理论基础") - [LLM 架构](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Large_language_model_architectures_%E2%80%94_LLM_%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84 "Large language model architectures — LLM 架构") - [Transformer 架构](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Transformer_architecture_%E2%80%94_Transformer_%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84 "Transformer architecture — Transformer 架构") - [Encoder](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Encoder_(Transformer)_%E2%80%94_%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8 "Encoder (Transformer) — 编码器") - [Decoder](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decoder_(Transformer)_%E2%80%94_%E8%A7%A3%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8 "Decoder (Transformer) — 解码器") - [Encoder-only](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Encoder-only_models_%E2%80%94_%E4%BB%85%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Encoder-only models — 仅编码器模型") - [Decoder-only](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decoder-only_models_(architecture)_%E2%80%94_%E4%BB%85%E8%A7%A3%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8 "Decoder-only models (architecture) — 仅解码器") - [Encoder-Decoder](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Encoder%E2%80%93decoder_architecture_%E2%80%94_%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8-%E8%A7%A3%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8 "Encoder–decoder architecture — 编码器-解码器") - [Tokenization](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Tokenization_(NLP)_%E2%80%94_%E4%BB%A4%E7%89%8C%E5%8C%96 "Tokenization (NLP) — 令牌化") - [Token](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Token_(LLM)_%E2%80%94_%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%83 "Token (LLM) — 词元") - [Embedding](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Embedding_(NLP)_%E2%80%94_%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5 "Embedding (NLP) — 嵌入") - [上下文窗口](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Context_Window_%E2%80%94_%E4%B8%8A%E4%B8%8B%E6%96%87%E7%AA%97%E5%8F%A3 "Context Window — 上下文窗口") - [大型语言模型的训练](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Training_large_language_models_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%8B%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%AD%E7%BB%83 "Training large language models — 大型语言模型的训练") - [预训练](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Pre-training_of_large_language_models_%E2%80%94_%E9%A2%84%E8%AE%AD%E7%BB%83 "Pre-training of large language models — 预训练") - [Fine-tuning](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Fine-tuning_(deep_learning)_%E2%80%94_%E5%BE%AE%E8%B0%83 "Fine-tuning (deep learning) — 微调") - [In-Context Learning](https://systems-analysis.info/int/In-Context_Learning_%E2%80%94_%E4%B8%8A%E4%B8%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0 "In-Context Learning — 上下文学习") - [Top-p](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Top-p_sampling_%E2%80%94_Top-p_%E9%87%87%E6%A0%B7 "Top-p sampling — Top-p 采样") - [Top-k](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Top-k_sampling_%E2%80%94_Top-k_%E9%87%87%E6%A0%B7 "Top-k sampling — Top-k 采样") - [温度 (LLM)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Temperature_(LLM)_%E2%80%94_%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6_(LLM) "Temperature (LLM) — 温度 (LLM)") - [LLM 的幻觉与不正确回答](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LLM_hallucinations_%E2%80%94_LLM%E5%B9%BB%E8%A7%89%E4%B8%8E%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E5%9B%9E%E7%AD%94 "LLM hallucinations — LLM幻觉与错误回答") - [数据失真与偏见](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Data_Distortion_and_Bias_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%A4%B1%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%8E%E5%81%8F%E8%A7%81 "Data Distortion and Bias — 数据失真与偏见") - [上下文遗忘](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Contextual_forgetting_%E2%80%94_%E4%B8%8A%E4%B8%8B%E6%96%87%E9%81%97%E5%BF%98 "Contextual forgetting — 上下文遗忘") - [生成偏见](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Generation_bias_(LLM)_%E2%80%94_%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%81%8F%E8%A7%81 "Generation bias (LLM) — 生成中的偏见") - [Mixture-of-Experts (MoE)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Mixture-of-Experts_(MoE)_%E2%80%94_%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) — 专家混合模型") - [减少 LLM 错误](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LLM_error_mitigation_%E2%80%94_%E5%87%8F%E5%B0%91_LLM_%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF "LLM error mitigation — 减少 LLM 错误") - [LLM 使用成本优化](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LLM_cost_optimization_%E2%80%94_%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96LLM%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC "LLM cost optimization — 优化LLM使用成本") - [开放权重与封闭权重模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Open-weight_and_closed-weight_models_%E2%80%94_%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%9D%83%E9%87%8D%E4%B8%8E%E5%B0%81%E9%97%AD%E6%9D%83%E9%87%8D%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Open-weight and closed-weight models — 开放权重与封闭权重模型") - [Constitutional AI](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Constitutional_AI_%E2%80%94_%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95AI "Constitutional AI — 宪法AI") - [Explainable AI](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Explainable_AI_%E2%80%94_%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8A%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD "Explainable AI — 可解释人工智能") - [RLHF](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback_(RLHF)_%E2%80%94_%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8E%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0 "Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) — 基于人类反馈的强化学习") - [Direct Preference Optimization](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Direct_Preference_Optimization_(DPO)_%E2%80%94_%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E5%81%8F%E5%A5%BD%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96 "Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) — 直接偏好优化") - [Low‑Rank Adaptation (LoRA)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Low-Rank_Adaptation_(LoRA)_%E2%80%94_%E4%BD%8E%E7%A7%A9%E8%87%AA%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94 "Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) — 低秩自适应") - [PEFT](https://systems-analysis.info/int/PEFT_(Parameter-Efficient_Fine-Tuning)_%E2%80%94_%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E9%AB%98%E6%95%88%E5%BE%AE%E8%B0%83 "PEFT (Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning) — 参数高效微调") - [向量数据库](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Vector_database_%E2%80%94_%E5%90%91%E9%87%8F%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93 "Vector database — 向量数据库") - [多模态 LLM](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Multimodal_large_language_models_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A1%E6%80%81%E5%A4%A7%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Multimodal large language models — 多模态大语言模型") - [Jailbreaks](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Jailbreaks_(LLM)_%E2%80%94_%E8%B6%8A%E7%8B%B1 "Jailbreaks (LLM) — 越狱") - [FlashAttention](https://systems-analysis.info/int/FlashAttention_%E2%80%94_%E9%97%AA%E7%94%B5%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F%E5%8A%9B "FlashAttention — 闪电注意力") - [FlashAttention-2](https://systems-analysis.info/int/FlashAttention-2_%E2%80%94_%E9%97%AA%E7%94%B5%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F%E5%8A%9B-2 "FlashAttention-2 — 闪电注意力-2") - [FlashAttention-3](https://systems-analysis.info/int/FlashAttention-3_%E2%80%94_%E9%97%AA%E7%94%B5%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F%E5%8A%9B-3 "FlashAttention-3 — 闪电注意力-3") - [Stop sequences](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Stop_sequences_(language_models)_%E2%80%94_%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97 "Stop sequences (language models) — 停止序列") - [合成数据生成](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Synthetic_data_generation_%E2%80%94_%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90 "Synthetic data generation — 合成数据生成") - [多模态推理](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Multimodal_reasoning_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A1%E6%80%81%E6%8E%A8%E7%90%86 "Multimodal reasoning — 多模态推理") - [随机鹦鹉](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Stochastic_parrot_%E2%80%94_%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%B9%A6%E9%B9%89 "Stochastic parrot — 随机鹦鹉") - [大型语言模型. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Large_language_models:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%8B%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Large language models: Section catalog — 大型语言模型：主题目录") ## 大型语言模型 (LLM) 目录 - [T5](https://systems-analysis.info/int/T5_(Text-to-Text_Transfer_Transformer)_%E2%80%94_T5%EF%BC%88%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%B0%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%EF%BC%89 "T5 (Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer) — T5（文本到文本转换模型）") - [LaMDA](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LaMDA_(Google)_%E2%80%94_%E5%AF%B9%E8%AF%9D%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "LaMDA (Google) — 对话应用语言模型") - [PaLM](https://systems-analysis.info/int/PaLM_(Pathways_Language_Model)_%E2%80%94_%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%84%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "PaLM (Pathways Language Model) — 路径语言模型") - [BERT](https://systems-analysis.info/int/BERT_(language_model)_%E2%80%94_%E6%9D%A5%E8%87%AA%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2%E5%99%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%8C%E5%90%91%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8%E8%A1%A8%E7%A4%BA "BERT (language model) — 来自变换器的双向编码器表示") - [Chinchilla](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Chinchilla_(language_model)_%E2%80%94_%E9%BE%99%E7%8C%AB "Chinchilla (language model) — 龙猫") - [Huawei PanGu](https://systems-analysis.info/int/PanGu_(Huawei)_%E2%80%94_%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA%E7%9B%98%E5%8F%A4 "PanGu (Huawei) — 华为盘古") - [IBM Granite](https://systems-analysis.info/int/IBM_Granite_(language_model)_%E2%80%94_IBM_Granite_%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "IBM Granite (language model) — IBM Granite 模型") - [BLOOM](https://systems-analysis.info/int/BLOOM_(language_model)_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%8B%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%9A%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "BLOOM (language model) — 大型开放多语言语言模型") - [Mixtral](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Mixtral_(Mistral_AI)_%E2%80%94_Mixtral%EF%BC%88Mistral_AI_%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%EF%BC%89 "Mixtral (Mistral AI) — Mixtral（Mistral AI 的专家混合模型）") - [DBRX](https://systems-analysis.info/int/DBRX_(language_model)_%E2%80%94_DBRX%EF%BC%88%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%EF%BC%89 "DBRX (language model) — DBRX（语言模型）") - [GPT](https://systems-analysis.info/int/GPT_(OpenAI)_%E2%80%94_%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E5%BC%8F%E9%A2%84%E8%AE%AD%E7%BB%83%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "GPT (OpenAI) — 生成式预训练变换模型") - [Claude](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Claude_(Anthropic)_%E2%80%94_Claude%EF%BC%88Anthropic_%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%EF%BC%89 "Claude (Anthropic) — Claude（Anthropic 的大语言模型）") - [Gemma](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Gemma_(Google)_%E2%80%94_Gemma_%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Gemma (Google) — Gemma 模型") - [Gemini](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Gemini_(Google)_%E2%80%94_%E5%8F%8C%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%A7 "Gemini (Google) — 双子座") - [LLaMA](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LLaMA_(Meta_AI)_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%8B%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8BMeta_AI "LLaMA (Meta AI) — 大型语言模型Meta AI") - [Mistral](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Mistral_AI_%E2%80%94_%E7%B1%B3%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94 "Mistral AI — 米斯特拉尔") - [DeepSeek](https://systems-analysis.info/int/DeepSeek_%E2%80%94_%E6%B7%B1%E5%BA%A6%E6%B1%82%E7%B4%A2 "DeepSeek — 深度求索") - [Grok](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Grok_(xAI)_%E2%80%94_Grok%EF%BC%88xAI_%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%EF%BC%89 "Grok (xAI) — Grok（xAI 的大语言模型）") - [Qwen](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Qwen_(Alibaba)_%E2%80%94_%E9%80%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%8D%83%E9%97%AE "Qwen (Alibaba) — 通义千问") - [Phi](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Phi_(Microsoft)_%E2%80%94_Phi%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Phi (Microsoft) — Phi模型") - [Jais](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Jais_(language_model)_%E2%80%94_Jais%EF%BC%88%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%EF%BC%89 "Jais (language model) — Jais（语言模型）") - [Jamba](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Jamba_(language_model)_%E2%80%94_%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Jamba (language model) — 混合架构模型") - [Cohere](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Cohere_Inc._%E2%80%94_%E7%A7%91%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94 "Cohere Inc. — 科希尔") - [Falcon](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Falcon_(language_model_family)_%E2%80%94_%E7%8C%8E%E9%B9%B0%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Falcon (language model family) — 猎鹰模型") - [Perplexity](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Perplexity_AI_%E2%80%94_Perplexity_AI%EF%BC%88%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94%E4%BA%A7%E5%93%81%EF%BC%89 "Perplexity AI — Perplexity AI（搜索问答产品）") - [YandexGPT](https://systems-analysis.info/int/YandexGPT_(language_model)_%E2%80%94_Yandex%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "YandexGPT (language model) — Yandex的大语言模型") - [Huggingface](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Hugging_Face_%E2%80%94_AI%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA%E4%B8%8E%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0 "Hugging Face — AI社区与平台") - [OpenAI 的大型语言模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/OpenAI%27s_large_language_models_%E2%80%94_OpenAI_%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%8B%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "OpenAI's large language models — OpenAI 的大型语言模型") - [Google 的大型语言模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Google%E2%80%99s_large_language_models_%E2%80%94_%E8%B0%B7%E6%AD%8C%E5%A4%A7%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Google’s large language models — 谷歌大语言模型") - [大型语言模型. 模型目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Large_language_models:_Catalog_%E2%80%94_%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Large language models: Catalog — 模型目录") ## Prompt Engineering (LLM) - 提示词工程 (LLM) - [Prompt - 提示词](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Prompt_(language_models)_%E2%80%94_%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E8%AF%8D "Prompt (language models) — 提示词") - [Prompt Engineering - 提示词工程](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Prompt_engineering_%E2%80%94_%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B "Prompt engineering — 提示词工程") - [Prompt 与上下文](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Prompt_and_context_%E2%80%94_%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E8%AF%8D%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%8A%E4%B8%8B%E6%96%87 "Prompt and context — 提示词与上下文") - [Prompt Engineering 的基本技巧](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Core_prompt_engineering_techniques_%E2%80%94_Prompt_Engineering_%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF "Core prompt engineering techniques — Prompt Engineering 的主要技术") - [Retrieval‑Augmented Generation (RAG)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Retrieval-augmented_generation_(RAG)_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E7%B4%A2%E5%A2%9E%E5%BC%BA%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90 "Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) — 检索增强生成") - [Chain-of-Thought Prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Chain-of-Thought_Prompting_%E2%80%94_%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E9%93%BE%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Chain-of-Thought Prompting — 思维链提示") - [Few-shot 与 Zero-shot](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Few-Shot_and_Zero-Shot_Learning_%E2%80%94_%E5%B0%91%E6%A0%B7%E6%9C%AC%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E4%B8%8E%E9%9B%B6%E6%A0%B7%E6%9C%AC%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0 "Few-Shot and Zero-Shot Learning — 少样本学习与零样本学习") - [Role Prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Role_Prompting_%E2%80%94_%E8%A7%92%E8%89%B2%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Role Prompting — 角色提示") - [Tree of Thoughts](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Tree_of_Thoughts_(ToT)_%E2%80%94_%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E6%A0%91 "Tree of Thoughts (ToT) — 思维树") - [Self‑refine prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Self-Refine_Prompting_%E2%80%94_%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E6%8F%90%E7%82%BC%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Self-Refine Prompting — 自我提炼提示") - [Self-consistency prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Self-consistency_prompting_%E2%80%94_%E8%87%AA%E6%B4%BD%E6%80%A7%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Self-consistency prompting — 自洽性提示") - [Meta Prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Meta_Prompting_%E2%80%94_%E5%85%83%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Meta Prompting — 元提示") - [Multi‑agent prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Multi-agent_prompting_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%93%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Multi-agent prompting — 多智能体提示") - [Prompt compression](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Prompt_compression_%E2%80%94_%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9 "Prompt compression — 提示词压缩") - [Program of Thoughts Prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Program_of_Thoughts_Prompting_%E2%80%94_%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Program of Thoughts Prompting — 思维程序提示") - [Generated Knowledge Prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Generated_Knowledge_Prompting_%E2%80%94_%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Generated Knowledge Prompting — 生成知识提示") - [Multimodal CoT Prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Multimodal_CoT_Prompting_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A1%E6%80%81%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E9%93%BE%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Multimodal CoT Prompting — 多模态思维链提示") - [Graph-of-Thoughts](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Graph_of_Thoughts_%E2%80%94_%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%E5%9B%BE "Graph of Thoughts — 思想图") - [Chain-of-Verification](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Chain-of-Verification_%E2%80%94_%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81%E9%93%BE "Chain-of-Verification — 验证链") - [Toolformer](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Toolformer_%E2%80%94_%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E5%A1%91%E6%88%90%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Toolformer — 工具塑成模型") - [Least-to-Most Prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Least-to-most_Prompting_%E2%80%94_%E7%94%B1%E7%AE%80%E5%85%A5%E9%9A%BE%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA "Least-to-most Prompting — 由简入难提示") - [Automatic Prompt Engineer (APE)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Automatic_Prompt_Engineer_(APE)_%E2%80%94_%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B_(APE) "Automatic Prompt Engineer (APE) — 自动化提示工程 (APE)") - [ReAct Prompting](https://systems-analysis.info/int/ReAct_Prompting_%E2%80%94_ReAct_%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E6%B3%95 "ReAct Prompting — ReAct 提示法") - [Function Calling](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Function_calling_(LLM)_%E2%80%94_%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8 "Function calling (LLM) — 函数调用") - [RAG 模式](https://systems-analysis.info/int/RAG_patterns_%E2%80%94_RAG_%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F "RAG patterns — RAG 模式") - [GraphRAG](https://systems-analysis.info/int/GraphRAG_%E2%80%94_%E5%9B%BE%E8%B0%B1RAG "GraphRAG — 图谱RAG") - [MM-RAG (Multimodal RAG)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/MM-RAG_(Multimodal_RAG)_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A1%E6%80%81RAG "MM-RAG (Multimodal RAG) — 多模态RAG") - [Hypothetical Document Expansion](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Hypothetical_Document_Embeddings_(HyDE)_%E2%80%94_%E5%81%87%E8%AE%BE%E6%80%A7%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95 "Hypothetical Document Embeddings (HyDE) — 假设性文档扩展") - [Hybrid Retrieval](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Hybrid_retrieval_%E2%80%94_%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E6%A3%80%E7%B4%A2 "Hybrid retrieval — 混合检索") - [Packaging & Context Handling](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Packaging_%26_Context_Handling_%E2%80%94_%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%8A%E4%B8%8B%E6%96%87%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86 "Packaging & Context Handling — 封装与上下文处理") - [Prompt engineering. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Prompt_engineering_%E2%80%94_%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B "Prompt engineering — 提示词工程") ## AI Agents (LLM) - AI 代理 (LLM) - [AI 代理](https://systems-analysis.info/int/AI_Agent_%E2%80%94_AI%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%93 "AI Agent — AI智能体") - [Agentic workflows](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Agentic_Workflows_%E2%80%94_%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%93%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%B5%81 "Agentic Workflows — 智能体工作流") - [Multi‑Agent Frameworks](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Multi-agent_frameworks_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%93%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6 "Multi-agent frameworks — 多智能体框架") - [LangChain](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LangChain_%E2%80%94_LLM%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6 "LangChain — LLM开发框架") - [AutoGPT](https://systems-analysis.info/int/AutoGPT_%E2%80%94_%E8%87%AA%E4%B8%BBAI%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%93 "AutoGPT — 自主AI智能体") - [Multi-Agent Debate](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Multi-Agent_Debate_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%93%E8%BE%A9%E8%AE%BA "Multi-Agent Debate — 多智能体辩论") ## LLM 评估与度量 - [LLM 评估](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LLM_evaluation_%E2%80%94_LLM_%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0 "LLM evaluation — LLM 评估") - [LLM 质量度量](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LLM_quality_metrics_%E2%80%94_LLM_%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%8C%87%E6%A0%87 "LLM quality metrics — LLM 质量指标") - [困惑度](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Perplexity_(metric)_%E2%80%94_%E5%9B%B0%E6%83%91%E5%BA%A6 "Perplexity (metric) — 困惑度") - [BLEU](https://systems-analysis.info/int/BLEU_(Bilingual_Evaluation_Understudy)_%E2%80%94_%E5%8F%8C%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0%E6%9B%BF%E8%A1%A5 "BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy) — 双语评估替补") - [ROUGE](https://systems-analysis.info/int/ROUGE_(metric)_%E2%80%94_%E9%9D%A2%E5%90%91%E5%8F%AC%E5%9B%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0 "ROUGE (metric) — 面向召回的摘要评估") - [BERTScore](https://systems-analysis.info/int/BERTScore_(metric)_%E2%80%94_BERT%E8%AF%84%E5%88%86 "BERTScore (metric) — BERT评分") - [METEOR](https://systems-analysis.info/int/METEOR_(metric)_%E2%80%94_%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90 "METEOR (metric) — 术语解析") - [MAUVE](https://systems-analysis.info/int/MAUVE_(metric)_%E2%80%94_%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0%E6%8C%87%E6%A0%87 "MAUVE (metric) — 生成文本评估指标") - [LLM‑as‑a‑Judge](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LLM-as-a-Judge_%E2%80%94_%E7%94%B1LLM%E6%8B%85%E5%BD%93%E8%AF%84%E5%88%A4%E8%80%85 "LLM-as-a-Judge — 由LLM担当评判者") ## 基准与数据集 (LLM) - [LLM 基准](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LLM_benchmarks_%E2%80%94_LLM_%E8%AF%84%E6%B5%8B%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86 "LLM benchmarks — LLM 评测基准") - [MMLU benchmark](https://systems-analysis.info/int/MMLU_Benchmark_%E2%80%94_MMLU_%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95 "MMLU Benchmark — MMLU 基准测试") - [HellaSwag benchmark](https://systems-analysis.info/int/HellaSwag_Benchmark_%E2%80%94_HellaSwag_%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95 "HellaSwag Benchmark — HellaSwag 基准测试") - [HumanEval benchmark](https://systems-analysis.info/int/HumanEval_Benchmark_%E2%80%94_HumanEval_%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95 "HumanEval Benchmark — HumanEval 基准测试") - [TruthfulQA benchmark](https://systems-analysis.info/int/TruthfulQA_Benchmark_%E2%80%94_TruthfulQA_%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95 "TruthfulQA Benchmark — TruthfulQA 基准测试") - [MT-Bench benchmark](https://systems-analysis.info/int/MT-Bench_(benchmark)_%E2%80%94_MT-Bench_%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95 "MT-Bench (benchmark) — MT-Bench 基准测试") - [GLUE benchmark](https://systems-analysis.info/int/GLUE_Benchmark_%E2%80%94_GLUE%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86 "GLUE Benchmark — GLUE基准") - [SuperGLUE](https://systems-analysis.info/int/SuperGLUE_(benchmark)_%E2%80%94_SuperGLUE_%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86 "SuperGLUE (benchmark) — SuperGLUE 基准") - [Humanity's Last Exam](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Humanity%27s_Last_Exam_(benchmark)_%E2%80%94_%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E5%90%8E%E8%80%83%E8%AF%95 "Humanity's Last Exam (benchmark) — 人类的最后考试") - [GSM8K (Grade School Math 8K)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/GSM8K_(Grade_School_Math_8K)_%E2%80%94_%E5%B0%8F%E5%AD%A6%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A68K "GSM8K (Grade School Math 8K) — 小学数学8K") - [WinoGrande benchmark](https://systems-analysis.info/int/WinoGrande_Benchmark_%E2%80%94_WinoGrande%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95 "WinoGrande Benchmark — WinoGrande基准测试") - [AgentHarm](https://systems-analysis.info/int/AgentHarm_%E2%80%94_%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%93%E5%8D%B1%E5%AE%B3%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86 "AgentHarm — 智能体危害基准") - [SafetyBench](https://systems-analysis.info/int/SafetyBench_%E2%80%94_SafetyBench%EF%BC%88%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E8%AF%84%E6%B5%8B%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%EF%BC%89 "SafetyBench — SafetyBench（安全评测基准）") - [SWE-bench](https://systems-analysis.info/int/SWE-bench_(benchmark)_%E2%80%94_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86 "SWE-bench (benchmark) — 软件工程基准") - [BIG-bench](https://systems-analysis.info/int/BIG-bench_(benchmark)_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%A7%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95 "BIG-bench (benchmark) — 大规模基准测试") - [MATH benchmark](https://systems-analysis.info/int/MATH_Benchmark_%E2%80%94_MATH_%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95 "MATH Benchmark — MATH 基准测试") - [FLORES‑200](https://systems-analysis.info/int/FLORES-200_%E2%80%94_FLORES-200%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%9A%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86%EF%BC%89 "FLORES-200 — FLORES-200（多语言翻译基准）") - [RealToxicityPrompts](https://systems-analysis.info/int/RealToxicityPrompts_%E2%80%94_%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%9E%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E8%AF%8D "RealToxicityPrompts — 真实毒性提示词") - [PromptRobust](https://systems-analysis.info/int/PromptRobust_(benchmark)_%E2%80%94_%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E8%AF%8D%E9%B2%81%E6%A3%92%E6%80%A7 "PromptRobust (benchmark) — 提示词鲁棒性") - [BOLD](https://systems-analysis.info/int/BOLD_(Bias_in_Open-Ended_Language_Generation_Dataset)_%E2%80%94_%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E5%81%8F%E8%A7%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E9%9B%86 "BOLD (Bias in Open-Ended Language Generation Dataset) — 开放式语言生成偏见数据集") - [BBQ](https://systems-analysis.info/int/BBQ_(Bias_Benchmark_for_Question_Answering)_%E2%80%94_%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94%E5%81%8F%E8%A7%81%E5%9F%BA%E5%87%86 "BBQ (Bias Benchmark for Question Answering) — 问答偏见基准") - [LMArena](https://systems-analysis.info/int/LMArena_(Chatbot_Arena)_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E7%AB%9E%E6%8A%80%E5%9C%BA "LMArena (Chatbot Arena) — 大模型竞技场") - [模型的 ELO 排名](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Elo_ranking_of_language_models_%E2%80%94_%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E7%9A%84ELO%E6%8E%92%E5%90%8D "Elo ranking of language models — 模型的ELO排名") ## 运筹学 - [运筹学](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Operations_research_%E2%80%94_%E8%BF%90%E7%AD%B9%E5%AD%A6 "Operations research — 运筹学") - [运筹学的发展](https://systems-analysis.info/int/History_of_operations_research_%E2%80%94_%E8%BF%90%E7%AD%B9%E5%AD%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95 "History of operations research — 运筹学的发展") - [运筹学方法论](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Operations_research_methodology_%E2%80%94_%E8%BF%90%E7%AD%B9%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%BA "Operations research methodology — 运筹学方法论") - [运作](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Operation_(operations_research)_%E2%80%94_%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%9A_(%E8%BF%90%E7%AD%B9%E5%AD%A6) "Operation (operations research) — 作业 (运筹学)") - [优化](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Optimization_%E2%80%94_%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96 "Optimization — 优化") - [最优解](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Optimal_solution_(optimization)_%E2%80%94_%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98%E8%A7%A3 "Optimal solution (optimization) — 最优解") - [可行域](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Feasible_region_%E2%80%94_%E5%8F%AF%E8%A1%8C%E5%9F%9F "Feasible region — 可行域")（可行解域） - [优化准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Optimization_criterion_%E2%80%94_%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Optimization criterion — 优化准则") - [目标函数](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Objective_function_%E2%80%94_%E7%9B%AE%E6%A0%87%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0 "Objective function — 目标函数") - [约束条件](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Constraints_%E2%80%94_%E7%BA%A6%E6%9D%9F "Constraints — 约束") - [灵敏度分析](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Sensitivity_analysis_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%8F%E6%84%9F%E6%80%A7%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "Sensitivity analysis — 敏感性分析") - [运筹学模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Operations_research_models_%E2%80%94_%E8%BF%90%E7%AD%B9%E5%AD%A6%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Operations research models — 运筹学模型") - [运筹学问题](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Operations_research_problems_%E2%80%94_%E8%BF%90%E7%AD%B9%E5%AD%A6%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98 "Operations research problems — 运筹学问题") - [线性规划](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Linear_programming_%E2%80%94_%E7%BA%BF%E6%80%A7%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92 "Linear programming — 线性规划") - [非线性规划](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Nonlinear_programming_%E2%80%94_%E9%9D%9E%E7%BA%BF%E6%80%A7%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92 "Nonlinear programming — 非线性规划") - [整数规划](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Integer_programming_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%B4%E6%95%B0%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92 "Integer programming — 整数规划") - [动态规划](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Dynamic_programming_%E2%80%94_%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92 "Dynamic programming — 动态规划") - [随机规划](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Stochastic_programming_%E2%80%94_%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92 "Stochastic programming — 随机规划") - [仿真建模](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Simulation_modeling_%E2%80%94_%E4%BB%BF%E7%9C%9F%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1 "Simulation modeling — 仿真建模") - [网络模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Network_model_(operations_research)_%E2%80%94_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Network model (operations research) — 网络模型") - [多准则优化](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Multi-objective_optimization_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E7%9B%AE%E6%A0%87%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96 "Multi-objective optimization — 多目标优化") - [分支定界法](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Branch_and_bound_%E2%80%94_%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF%E5%AE%9A%E7%95%8C%E6%B3%95 "Branch and bound — 分支定界法") - [PERT 方法](https://systems-analysis.info/int/PERT_method_%E2%80%94_PERT%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95 "PERT method — PERT方法") - [关键路径法 (CPM)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Critical_path_method_(CPM)_%E2%80%94_%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%84%E6%B3%95_(CPM) "Critical path method (CPM) — 关键路径法 (CPM)") - [关键路径](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Critical_Path_%E2%80%94_%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%84 "Critical Path — 关键路径") - 组合优化 - 旅行商问题 - 最少执行者分配问题 - 分配问题 - 设施选址问题 - 下料问题 - 博弈论问题 - 排队系统 - 运输问题 - 单纯形法 - 内点法 - 马尔可夫随机过程 - 内点法 - 利特尔法则 - [运筹学相关文献](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Operations_research:_Literature_%E2%80%94_%E8%BF%90%E7%AD%B9%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE_(Yunchouxue_Wenxian) "Operations research: Literature — 运筹学文献 (Yunchouxue Wenxian)") - [运筹学. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Operations_research:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E8%BF%90%E7%AD%B9%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%82%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Operations research: Section catalog — 运筹学。章节目录") ## 决策理论 - [决策理论](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision_theory_%E2%80%94_%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA "Decision theory — 决策理论") - [决策](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision-making_%E2%80%94_%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96 "Decision-making — 决策") - [决策问题](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision_problem_%E2%80%94_%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98 "Decision problem — 决策问题") - 决策任务 - [问题](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Problem_%E2%80%94_%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98 "Problem — 问题") - [不确定性](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Uncertainty_%E2%80%94_%E4%B8%8D%E7%A1%AE%E5%AE%9A%E6%80%A7 "Uncertainty — 不确定性") - [风险](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Risk_%E2%80%94_%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9 "Risk — 风险") - [备选方案](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Alternative_(decision-making)_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%87%E9%80%89%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88 "Alternative (decision-making) — 备选方案") - [准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Criterion_%E2%80%94_%E5%87%86%E5%88%99_(Criterion) "Criterion — 准则 (Criterion)") - [方案评估](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Evaluation_of_alternatives_%E2%80%94_%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0 "Evaluation of alternatives — 方案评估") - [方案比较](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Comparison_of_alternatives_%E2%80%94_%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83 "Comparison of alternatives — 方案比较") - [最优选择](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Optimal_decision_%E2%80%94_%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9 "Optimal decision — 最优选择") - [理性选择](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Rational_choice_(decision_theory)_%E2%80%94_%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9 "Rational choice (decision theory) — 理性选择") - [选择](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Choice_(decision-making)_%E2%80%94_%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9 "Choice (decision-making) — 选择") - [决策树](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision_tree_%E2%80%94_%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E6%A0%91 "Decision tree — 决策树") - [决策矩阵模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision-making_matrix_model_%E2%80%94_%E7%9F%A9%E9%98%B5%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Decision-making matrix model — 矩阵决策模型") - [层次分析法](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Analytic_Hierarchy_Process_(AHP)_%E2%80%94_%E5%B1%82%E6%AC%A1%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%B3%95 "Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) — 层次分析法") - [多准则决策分析](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Multi-criteria_decision_analysis_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%9A%E5%87%86%E5%88%99%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "Multi-criteria decision analysis — 多准则决策分析") - [决策中的模糊逻辑](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Fuzzy_logic_in_decision-making_%E2%80%94_%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%A8%A1%E7%B3%8A%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91 "Fuzzy logic in decision-making — 决策中的模糊逻辑") - [不确定性下的决策](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision-making_under_uncertainty_%E2%80%94_%E4%B8%8D%E7%A1%AE%E5%AE%9A%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96 "Decision-making under uncertainty — 不确定性下的决策") - [风险下的决策](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision-making_under_risk_%E2%80%94_%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96 "Decision-making under risk — 风险决策") - [情景分析](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Scenario_analysis_%E2%80%94_%E6%83%85%E6%99%AF%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "Scenario analysis — 情景分析") - [偏好](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Preferences_%E2%80%94_%E5%81%8F%E5%A5%BD "Preferences — 偏好") - [认知偏差](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Cognitive_bias_%E2%80%94_%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%E5%81%8F%E5%B7%AE "Cognitive bias — 认知偏差") - [集体选择](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Collective_choice_%E2%80%94_%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9 "Collective choice — 集体选择") - [投票](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Voting_(decision-making)_%E2%80%94_%E6%8A%95%E7%A5%A8 "Voting (decision-making) — 投票") - [效用理论](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Utility_theory_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%88%E7%94%A8%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA "Utility theory — 效用理论") - [决策准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision_criteria_%E2%80%94_%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Decision criteria — 决策准则") - [赫维茨准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Hurwicz_criterion_%E2%80%94_%E8%B5%AB%E7%BB%B4%E8%8C%A8%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Hurwicz criterion — 赫维茨准则") - [瓦尔德准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Maximin_criterion_(Wald_criterion)_%E2%80%94_%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Maximin criterion (Wald criterion) — 瓦尔德准则") - [萨维奇准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Minimax_regret_criterion_(Savage_criterion)_%E2%80%94_%E8%90%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%E5%87%86%E5%88%99_(Savage%27s_Criterion) "Minimax regret criterion (Savage criterion) — 萨维奇准则 (Savage's Criterion)") - [拉普拉斯准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Laplace_criterion_%E2%80%94_%E6%8B%89%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Laplace criterion — 拉普拉斯准则") - [大中取大准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Maximax_criterion_%E2%80%94_%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Maximax criterion — 最大最大准则") - [霍奇-雷曼准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Hodges-Lehmann_criterion_%E2%80%94_%E9%9C%8D%E5%A5%87%E6%96%AF-%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Hodges-Lehmann criterion — 霍奇斯-莱曼准则") - [贝叶斯准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Bayes_criterion_%E2%80%94_%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E6%96%AF%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Bayes criterion — 贝叶斯准则") - [贝叶斯最小最大准则](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Bayes_minimax_criterion_%E2%80%94_%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%8F%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%87%86%E5%88%99 "Bayes minimax criterion — 贝叶斯最小最大准则") - [决策理论相关文献](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision_theory:_Literature_%E2%80%94_%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE "Decision theory: Literature — 决策理论相关文献") - [决策理论. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Decision_theory:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E3%80%82%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Decision theory: Section catalog — 决策理论。章节目录") ## 机器学习与数据分析 - 数据 - 数据分析 - 大数据 - 数据可视化 - 框架与工具 - 统计分析 - 假设检验 - 第一类和第二类错误 - 相关性分析 - 回归分析 - 回归模型 - 方差分析 - 分布正态性 - 显著性检验 - 机器学习 - ML 基本概念 - 学习范式 - 监督学习 - 无监督学习 - 强化学习 - 分类 - 聚类 - 集成方法 - 降维 - 特征选择 - 模型评估与质量度量 - 过拟合 - 欠拟合 - 交叉验证 - 可解释性 - 机器学习术语表 - 深度学习 (Deep learning) - Deep learning 基本概念 - DL 理论基础 - 神经网络架构 - 神经网络训练方法 - 神经网络训练中的优化 - DL 框架与工具 - 生成模型 - 自然语言处理 - 计算机视觉 - 推荐系统 - 异常检测 - 时间序列预测 - AutoML - MLOps - 模型的偏见与公平性 - [机器学习相关文献](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Machine_learning:_Literature_%E2%80%94_%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE "Machine learning: Literature — 机器学习文献") - [机器学习与数据分析. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Machine_learning_and_data_analysis:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E4%B8%8E%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90._%E6%9D%BF%E5%9D%97%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Machine learning and data analysis: Section catalog — 机器学习与数据分析. 板块目录") ## 管理学 - [管理学](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Management_%E2%80%94_%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86 "Management — 管理") - 控制理论 - 管理中的系统分析 - 管理中的黑箱模型 - 管理对象 - 管理主体 - 管理过程 - 过程方法 - [规划](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Planning_%E2%80%94_%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92 "Planning — 规划") - 企业管理 - 公司治理 - 变更管理 - 需求管理 - 企业规划 - [项目管理](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Project_management_%E2%80%94_%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86 "Project management — 项目管理") - [项目规划](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Project_planning_%E2%80%94_%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92 "Project planning — 项目规划") - 项目生命周期 - 范围管理 - 成本管理 - [风险管理](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Risk_management_%E2%80%94_%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86 "Risk management — 风险管理") - 项目群管理 - 项目组合管理 - [项目管理标准](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Project_management_standards_%E2%80%94_%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86 "Project management standards — 项目管理标准") - 风险管理标准 - 知识管理 - 管理标准 - [质量标准](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Quality_standards_%E2%80%94_%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86 "Quality standards — 质量标准") - PMBOK - [Agile](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Agile_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%8F%E6%8D%B7 "Agile — 敏捷") - Scrum - ISO 21500 - ISO 31000 - [管理学. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Management:_Section_Index_%E2%80%94_%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86._%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Management: Section Index — 管理. 章节目录") ## 系统工程 - [系统工程](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_engineering_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B "Systems engineering — 系统工程") - 复杂工程系统 - 体系 - 系统工程方法论 - 系统工程术语表 - [系统生命周期](https://systems-analysis.info/int/System_life_cycle_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F "System life cycle — 系统生命周期") - 系统开发过程 - 系统设计 - 系统架构 - 系统概念 - 系统集成 - 生命周期支持 - 验证 - 确认 - [需求](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Requirements_%E2%80%94_%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82 "Requirements — 需求") - 接口 - 组件 - 需求可追溯性 - 系统工程管理 - [系统工程标准](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_engineering_standards_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86 "Systems engineering standards — 系统工程标准") - 配置管理 - 可靠性 - 技术风险分析 - 社会技术系统 - 人机交互系统 - 数字孪生 - [系统工程相关文献](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_engineering:_Literature_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE "Systems engineering: Literature — 系统工程文献") - [系统工程. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Systems_engineering:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Systems engineering: Section catalog — 系统工程章节目录") ## 战略分析 - 战略分析 - 战略规划 - 利益相关者分析 - 决策分析 - 项目评估 - [成本效益分析 (CBA)](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Cost%E2%80%93benefit_analysis_(CBA)_%E2%80%94_%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC%E6%95%88%E7%9B%8A%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "Cost–benefit analysis (CBA) — 成本效益分析") - [德尔菲法](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Delphi_method_%E2%80%94_%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E8%8F%B2%E6%B3%95 "Delphi method — 德尔菲法") - [SWOT 分析](https://systems-analysis.info/int/SWOT_analysis_%E2%80%94_SWOT_%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "SWOT analysis — SWOT 分析") - [PEST 分析](https://systems-analysis.info/int/PEST_analysis_%E2%80%94_PEST%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "PEST analysis — PEST分析") - [PESTLE 分析](https://systems-analysis.info/int/PESTLE_analysis_%E2%80%94_PESTLE_%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90 "PESTLE analysis — PESTLE 分析") - 战略管理中的因素分析 - 发展方案分析 - 决策稳健性分析 - 战略制定 - 预见分析 - 技术预见 - 战略规划中的不确定性分析 - 混合威胁与战略风险评估 - 战略分析中的系统建模 - 不确定性条件下的战略情景分析 - Policy Analysis - Systems Transitions Applied Research - 智库 (Think Tank) - [战略分析. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Strategic_analysis:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E6%88%98%E7%95%A5%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90._%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Strategic analysis: Section catalog — 战略分析. 章节目录") ## 方法论与认识论 - 方法论 - 认识论 - 科学认知方法论 - 科学方法与途径 - 假说演绎法 - 演绎与归纳 - 溯因推理 - 可证伪性 - 复杂性与不确定性 - 分析的元层次 - 反思性方法 - 作为认知方法的建模 - 科学中的系统方法 - 跨学科性 - 思维框架 - 建构主义 - 批判理性主义 - 范式 - 本体论 - [目标设定](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Goal_setting_%E2%80%94_%E7%9B%AE%E6%A0%87%E8%AE%BE%E5%AE%9A "Goal setting — 目标设定") - 控制论 - [概念](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Concept_%E2%80%94_%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5 "Concept — 概念") - 观念 - 术语 - 分类 - 分析 - 综合 - [方法论与认识论. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Methodology_and_epistemology:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%BA%E4%B8%8E%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86%E8%AE%BA._%E6%A0%8F%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95 "Methodology and epistemology: Section catalog — 方法论与认识论. 栏目索引") ## 数学建模 - [数学模型](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Mathematical_model_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B "Mathematical model — 数学模型") - [数学建模](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Mathematical_modeling_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1 "Mathematical modeling — 数学建模") - 数学建模的目标 - 数学建模过程 - 数学建模方法论 - 确定性模型与随机模型 - 静态模型与动态模型 - 离散模型与连续模型 - 解析模型 - 数值模型 - 仿真模型 - 智能体模型 - 混合模型 - 建模阶段 - 模型构建 - 模型辨识 - 模型的验证与确认 - 模型实现 - 建模结果解释 - 模型的局限性 - 建模误差 - 数学建模术语表 - [数学建模相关文献](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Mathematical_modeling:_Literature_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE "Mathematical modeling: Literature — 数学建模文献") - [数学建模. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Mathematical_modeling:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1._%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Mathematical modeling: Section catalog — 数学建模. 章节目录") ## 数学 - [概率论](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Probability_theory_%E2%80%94_%E6%A6%82%E7%8E%87%E8%AE%BA "Probability theory — 概率论") - 数理统计 - 随机过程 - 信息论 - 测度与积分 - 数学分析 - 线性代数 - 线性空间 - 微分方程 - 向量与张量微积分 - 函数与映射 - 数理逻辑 - 谓词演算 - 集合论 - 离散数学 - 组合数学 - 最优化理论 - 数值方法 - 博弈论 - 图论 - 排队论 - [数学. 章节目录](https://systems-analysis.info/int/Mathematics:_Section_catalog_%E2%80%94_%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6_-_%E6%9D%BF%E5%9D%97%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95 "Mathematics: Section catalog — 数学 - 板块目录")